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ONE QUESTION. YOUR REASONING.

Design ChatGPT

Design the backend of a chat assistant like ChatGPT: users send a prompt, watch the answer stream in, and can come back to old chats later.

System designAI systemsSeniorStaff

YOUR BRIEF

What to work through

Work through chatGPT as a spoken system design interview. Start by clarifying the scope, sketch a working design and explain the trade-offs behind your choices.

  • Send a prompt in a chat and get the answer streamed back token by token
  • See past chats and continue one, with its earlier turns as context
  • A free tier with limits, and paid tiers with more
  • Stop an answer halfway

BEFORE YOU START

Constraints to discuss

  • Time to first token under 200 ms: a blank screen feels broken
  • About 20,000 prompts a second at peak
  • About 120,000 answers streaming at the same time
  • GPUs are scarce and cost about $2 an hour each, so GPU time is the budget
Need a starting point?

Watch for these common gaps as you prepare:

  • Waiting for the whole answer before sending anything
  • Tying the generation to one connection, so a reconnect loses the answer
  • Treating GPUs like stateless web servers, ignoring the memory each chat holds
  • No limits per tier, so a few heavy users take the pool
  • Getting lost in model internals instead of the serving system around the model
Read: System design questions and who asks them

Why this question is in the collection

These sources connect the problem to company interview reports or preparation guides. They do not guarantee what a company will ask you.

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01

Pick a question

Read the brief and choose what you want to work on.

02

Talk it through

Explain your thinking. Respond to follow-ups. Draw when a design needs it.

03

Find your next improvement

Use the feedback from your interview to decide what to practise next.